Learning strategies with a pedagogical agent
	
		11495
		
			
					Virtual Agent paper
				
		
		published in 2010
		by Nicole Sträfling, Ivonne Fleischer, Christin Polzer, Detlev Leutner and Nicole C. Krämer
			 in 			
				
Looks, 
				
Coach, 
				
Emotion
	 
	
	
		
		
			
		
		
		Numerous studies have tested the effects of pedagogical agents on learning and the influence of their specific appearance. What has not been analyzed, however, is whether an agent can have indirect effects when it is employed as a tutor for learning strategies rather than directly teaching the relevant learning material. In a between-subjects design (N = 45) we compared two different kinds of pedagogical agents – a cartoon-like rabbit and a realistic anthropomorphic agent – with a control group that was not tutored by an animated agent but was informed by voice only. Results showed no clear advantages for the agents compared to voice-based tutoring with regard to indirect learning effects, but they did demonstrate that the appearance of the agent matters. The rabbit-like agent was not only preferred, but people exposed themselves longer to the tutoring session when the rabbit provided feedback.